TWISTING OF TEXTURISED(POLEYSTER) AND SYTHETICS YARN:-

Twisting of texturised (polyester) and Synthetic yarn:-

The polyester texturised yarn received for twisting untwisted packed in boxes or containers. It is to be twisted for certain amount of twist on the twisting  machine. It is termed as twist per minute (TPM) , it varies from 100 TPM to 1000 TPM or more as per requirement of market. There are several type of Twisting machine is available in market. The main machine available of two types in used is 

(1) One for one Twisting.

(2) Two for one Twisting (TFO)..

In the first type twisting the yarn is twisted only one twist with rotation of spindle and 2nd one the yarn gets two twist in one round of spindle, with a special path of yarn through spindle to complete twist.

Working of Twisting Machine (one for one) and description:-

The Twisting machine consist of belt drive spindle , loop guide, traverse guide, loop guide , traverse rod, and winding drums over which a paper tube is placed for final package. The movement to drum , spindle, traverse guide, traverse rod and traverse guide is given from the motor, cam and motor drive belt from one end of machine.

The untwisted yarn first rewinded on a bobbin for a certain amount of weight, so as to load on the twisting machine. The machine machine used for rewinding yarn on bobbin is called rewinder. The ready bobbins (wounded) is inserted on the spindle of twisting machine, the starting end of the yarn is taken and passed through a loop guide, then through a traverse guide over guide wire and in last wound on paper tube which is already placed on the winding drum of  machine. After completion of all this passage the machine  kept to "ON" (start). As the machine started, the moving parts of the yarn gets into action. With this movement the spindle gets rotation the twist is given to the yarn , simultaneously the yarn gets wounded on paper tube. After the completion of certain weight of package , it is removed from the machine and new paper tube is placed for new winding and the process continued for next winding of yarn . The twisted yarn is then given for checking and packing . This yarn is ready for sale in market. If the yarn is given high twist , then it is gets harsh feeling and snarling in the yarn . To overcome on this a heat setting is given to the yarn, as explained in doubling process of yarn. After heat setting yarn becomes softer and snarling goes out. 

image of twisting machine  double deck. ref:- India Mart. (upper one)

Image of twisting machine ref: Krishna textile Engineering (lower one.)

Advantages:-

1. The cost of twisting machine is cheaper.

2. The Twisting charge is also cheaper.

3. The rpm of the machine can be increased to achieve more Production by changing the motor pulley from smaller to bigger diameter.

4. This machine is easily available in different brand name .

Disadvantages:-

1. Its production is low as compared to TFO.

2. Small package of yarn is produced which increases the packing cost.

3. High speed of machine gives vibration to machine body.

Description of TFO (two for one) and Working for Polyester Texturised yarn:-

It consist of belt drive hollow spindles, with disc fitted on it and a guide rod fitted with some accessories for the path of yarn through it to provide one twist to the yarn , a guide roller (over feed) , traverse guide and winding drum , the traverse guide is given movement from the cam box fitted in the machine. The yarn after passing traverse guide is wounded on the paper tube which is placed over the drum for final package. 

image :- path of yarn through spindle in TFO ref:- Textilesdvisor.

Working of TFO Machine:-

Here the package of yarn directly placed on the disc of spindle and the starting end of yarn is as taken and passed through tube guide fitted with the some accessories so as to give one twist in initial stage , and taken out through the guide provided in the hollow spindle itself . After wards yarn is passed through 1st guide to roller guide (overfeed or take up roller guide) , here the 2nd twist is completed by means of this passing. The yarn through traverse guide to paper tube which already placed on the winding drum for final package. After doing all these process the machine kept to "ON" (start) , as we start the machine to on , the spindle gets rotation gives the twist to yarn . As soon as the package of yarn ready , then is taken out for and a new paper tube is placed for further production. The ready yarn is given to cheking and packing. After packing the yarn is ready for sale.

image of TFO Machine ref :- India Mart.

If the yarn produced is high twisted , then the yarn is given heat setting , which already explained earlier.

Advantages of TFO:-

1. The yarn produced is good quality.

2. The production is doubled than normal Twisting.

3. The yarn package is bigger than the normal Twisting.

4. Packing cost is low as compared to normal Twisting yarn packing.

5. Rpm of spindle can be increased by changing motor pulley, to achieve more Production.

6. Here the raw material is directly placed on the machine.

7. Here one process of rewinding the yarn on bobbin is eleminated.

8. The yarn does not have any single knot yarn in full package because the yarn is removed from the machine as its breaks , so giving knot less yarn to give good quality of fabric.

Disadvantages:-

1. Preferably low twist yarn are produced.

2. Skilled operator is required to operate this machine.

3. Working cost is little high.