TYPES OF YARN AND FIBER (BANANA FIBER)
Defination of Banana fiber:
Fig of Banana fiber.
Fig. Of Banana plant or plantain.
Fig. Of Banana fiber extraction.
Fig. Of spun yarn weaving and banana fiber.
Banana plant or plantain not only gives the delicious fruit , but it also provides textile fiber. Banana fiber is a natural fiber , it is a plant fiber.
Natural fibres presents important advantages such as low density, appropriate stiffness and mechanical properties and high disposibility and renewability . More over ,the are rejectable and biodegradable. There has been a lot of research on use of natural fibers in the reinforcements. Banana fiber is a lingo cellulosic fiber obtained from the pseudo-stem of banana plant(Musa sepientum) , is a bast fiber relatively good mechanical properties. Banana plant is a large perennial herb with leaf sheats that forms psedustem . It height can be 10-40 feet (3 to 12.2 mts) surrounding with 8-12large leaves . The leaves are upto 9 feet long and 2 feet wide (2.7 mts and ,0.61 mt). Banana plant is available through out , Thailand, and Southeast Asian , Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Phillipines, Hawaii, and some part of Pacific Islands.
CHARACTERISTIC OF BANANA FIBER:-
Banana fiber has its own physical and chemical characteristics and man other properties that make it fine quality fiber
1) Appearance of banana fiber is similar to that bamboo fiber and ramie fiber but, its fineness and spinnability is better than the two.
2) The chemical composition of banana fiber is cellulosic semicellulosic and Linging.
3) It is highly strong fiber.
4) it has smaller elongation.
5) It has some what shiny appearance depending upon the extraction and spinning process .
6) It is light weight.
7) It strong moisture absorption quality. It absorb as well as release moisture very fast.
8) It is biodegradable and has no negative effect on environment and thus can be categorised an eco-friendly fiber.
9) Its average fineness is 2400 Nm.
10) It can be spun through almost all the methods of spinning including ring spinning, bast fiber spinning , open-end spinning and semi worsted spinning among others.
Properties of Banana fiber:-
Tenacity 29.98 gms/denier
Fine ness 17.15
Moisture regain 13%
Elongation 6.54%
Alco-ben Extractive 1.70%
Total cellulose. 81.80%
Alpha cellulose 61.50%
Residue Gum. 41.96%
Linging. 15.00%
Banana fiber Extration process , Yarn spinning & Weaving:-
The extraction of natural fiber from the plant required certain care to avoide damage. In the present experiments initially, the banana plant section were cut from the main stem of the plant and the rolled lightly to remove the excess moisture. Impurities in the rolled fibers .such as pigment, broken fiber, coating of cellulose etc. were remove manually by means of comb and then the fiber were cleaned and dried . This mechnical and manual extraction of banana fibers was tedious time consuming and caused damage to the fiber consequently. This types of technique cannot be recommended for industrial applications.
A special machine was designed and developed for the extration of banana fiber in a mechanically automated manner . It consisted mainly of two horizontal beam which by a carriage with an attached and specially designed comb ,could move back and forth . The fiber extraction using the technique could be performed simply by the placing a cleaned part of the banana stem on the fixed platform of the machine and clamped at the ends by jaws.This eliminated relative movement of the fibers in a chamber at 200° C for three hour . These fibers were then labelled and ready for lamination process.
After fiber is collected, the process goes to spinning . The researcher investigated the traditional process, which use the filament yarn in weavning banana fabrics . The finding showed that the convention process was very time consuming, thus not appropriate for today's use. Therefore this research explored open-ended spinning process for yarn development the fiber was cut in to 3 centimetre length for spinning process.
After the yarn spinning, weaving is done on the loom as per normal process like any other materials.
Application of Banana Fiber.
In the recent past, banana fibers had a very limited application and was primarily use for making item like ropes , mats and some other composite materials. With the increasing environmental awareness and growing importance of eco-friendly fabrics, banana has also recognised for all its good qualities and now it's application to increasing other field too, such as apparel garments and home furnishings. However in Japan , it is being used for making traditional dress like kimono and kasmishimo. Since the Edo period (1600-1800) . Due to its being light weight and comfortable to wear, it is still preferred by people there as summer wear . Banana fiber is also used to make fine cushion cover, necies, bags, table cloth, curtains etc. Rugs made from banana silk yarn fiber also very popular world over.
Ref-https://textilelearner.net
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