TYPES OF TEMPLES:-(star temple):-

STAR TEMPLE S

The star temples consist of one or two metal rings about 2" or 5.08 cms. in diameter and 1/4" or 0.635 cm. thick. The flat revolving disc is supported in the temple bracket in horizontal position, is supplied with row of fine pins to seize the selvedge, the disc being completely hidden by the cloth. In some cases there two disc ,one being below the other. This temple is suitable for fine fabrics which would be easily damage by spiked rings or marked by the temple cap, but are now seldom in the industry .

SETTINGS OF TEMPLE:-

(i) Temples must be so adjusted that they will prevent contraction of the cloth at its fell. Temple should also prevent the reed from being damaged by selvedge threads , and they should also prevent the selvedge threads from being damaged by the reed without causing any ' temple marks' . 

( ii) Temples are fixed nearer to the reed in case of light cloths and further from reed in case of heavy cloths.

(iii) The temple barrel must be set parallel with the shuttle race or the fell of cloth. 

(iv) The temple bearing have to be adjusted so that the underpart of the temple clears the shuttle race by 1/8" or 0.32 cm or more .

(v) The outer and inner portion of the barrel must present a fairly even surface to the cloth or it must be a slightly downward tendency at the point of the barrel.

(vi) The temple must also be set so that when the sley is at the front center , there is a clearance 1/16" or 0.6 cm. between the reed and the front of temple cap. It set far from the reed , the temple bulges the sley or breaks the reed .And if the temple is set too far back. The selvedge threads are subject to too much chafing.

Cloth defect caused by temples:-

The temples must be well adjusted and kept clear of dirtband waste , otherwise they will not rotate freely and prevent the cloth to pass forward. The following defects may be caused to fabrics by temples :-

(1) Piece Tearing:- The temple pins may be damaged or form like hooks and catch on the fabrics and tear them . Sometimes, rings become choked with weft due to superfluous weft at the selvedge: and in this case the temple barrel has to be taken off and the rings and washers cleaned and oiled.

(2)  Templeatks:-Light fabrics are more liable to cause the temple marks than heavy fabrics and these may occur due to:-

(a) The cap being set too close to the barrel , leaves the impression of the cap on fabrics , when the loom is stopped. The defect becomes pronounced during finishing.

(b) Ring pins may be forcing the warp threads out of their proper position in the fabrics.

(c) Defective beaming of the warp , such as tight and slack section in the beam also cause temple mark.

(3) Defective pin:-If the rings are bent by being hit or placed too near the temple cap, they will cut ends or picks every revolution of the ring . This is usually shown at the front.

(4) Effect of Worn Caps:- if the cap is worn out at the front , it fails to force the fabrics sufficiently on to the ring pins and allows the fabric to contract at the cloth fell . This is more pronounced in weaving heavy fabrics , where the selvedge threads are constantly broken. 

(5) Slack Sley and Temple:- Due to constant swinging of the sley, it may sometimes get slack , or temples may slip, or there may be defect in beaming . These may cause defects in cloths.

(6) Wavy or Curly Selvedge:-This is caused by too strong temples, and tight and slak ground and selvedge threads. ',Streaks' on selvedges are also caused by faulty setting of temples. 

To minimise selvedge defects, temples must be adjusted properly and uniform tension on ground and selvedge threads must be maintained all through.

Ref:-Weaving Mechanism Book Vol.II by Prof. N. N. Banerjee.