TYPE S OF LOOMS (CIRCULAR) :-

TYPE S OF LOOMS (CIRCULAR) :-

CIRCULAR LOOM:-

A circular loom is used to creates seame less tube of fabrics for products such as , hosiery, sack clothing, fabric hose (such as fire hose) , plastic bags (for packing urea & grains) and like. Circular looms can be small jigs used for circular knitting or large higher speed machines for modern garments.

Circular loom ref by Garter mechnical engineering.com

Modern circular loom used up to ten (10) shuttle driven by from the below in circular motion by electromagnet for the weft yarns and comes to control the warp rise and fall with each shuttle passage unlike the common practice of lifting all of them at once.

Ref:- https://en.m.wikipedia.org

CIRCULAR WEAVING:-

Fabric woven on circular loom.

HISTORY AND INVENTION:-

During 1894 and early 1900 a number of circular weaving machine were designed and constructed by Wasserman. Since then a large number of circular weaving machine are invented with modification, but none of them except Ancet-Fayolle ana Sain Freres were commercially used.

Types of the circular machine:-

Circular weaving machines are classified under two headings namely,

1) Weaving machine with horizontal heald motion and vertical warp feed upward with vertically rotating weft package and cloth take-up. This concept is used in construction of Ancet-Fayolle circular weaving machine.

2) The second category is where vertical Heald motion is used , the horizontal warp yarn is fed in the shedding zone and rotating weft packages in horizontal position and cloth take-up upwards or downwards. The principle was used in construction of and succeeding design of Faibam Lawson.

Circular weaving Features:-

(1) Circular machines are manufactured with continuously circulating shuttle which runs around the periphery, with this system shuttle feed is limited.

(2) This system allows several shuttle used at the same time which result in increase of productivity.

(3) The uniform speed of weft package eliminates package fualt like Slough off.

(4) The major disadvantage with this method that the fabric formed is less flexible in width and has narrow range of options.

(5) Generally polyolefin and polypropylene tape yarn are used for production of fabric by this method.

Circular weaving machin working and construction:-

Cross section of Ancet-Fayolle circular weaving machine.

1. To understand working and construction of circular weaving consider the above figure which shows a cross section through Ancet-Fayolle circular loom.

2. Two beams are used to supply the warp which passes around the back rest and then I spread into circular form in the series of lose reeds as shown in the figure and the warp shed is formed from this point.

3. There is an arrangement provided showing eight shuttle which are equally spaced around the loom, in circular loom the major advantage that multiple number of shuttle can be used at single time .

4. Then the appropriate position of thirty two pairs of harness are indicated which will be requiring to weave plain weave.

5. The continuous line shown in the above figure represent the harness that control one set of alternate ends and the dotted line shows the position on other ends.

6. A series of of electromagnets block is allowed to rotate on a motor driven main center shaft.

7. The use of electromagnets attracts the metal shuttle which the follows the magnet in circular path.

8. The intervening of warp shed prevents the attraction of shuttle into coming in physical contact with the electromagnets.

9. The number of shuttle used per loom is not fixed and it varies loom to loom.

10. The number of shuttles used is decided by that the diameter of the loom as it determines the space available in the warp shed and thus the number of shuttle per loom.

11. Usually plain and twill weaves are possible in this type of loom.

ref:-https://www.textilesphere.com